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Specifically, pedophilic offenders demonstrated significantly reduced connectivity among the left orbitofrontal cortex and left medial superior frontal regions, and reduced connectivity between the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex and posterior cingulate cortex, compared with nonoffending pedophiles (kärgel et al Violent offenders also had significantly reduced connectivity between the striatum and a bilateral prefrontal cluster covering the medial orbitofrontal cortex and medial anterior cingulate cortex (k = 349 voxels, [−10,40, −8], z = 3.69, figure 4). An fmri study more specifically looking at pedophilic sex offenders compared to pedophilic nonoffenders showed significantly reduced functional connectivity among the left orbitofrontal cortex and left medial superior frontal regions, and reduced connectivity between the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex and posterior cingulate cortex in those.
In a separate sample of 203 homicide offenders, researchers also highlighted the existence of aberrations in gray matter in the orbitofrontal and ventromedial prefrontal and temporal cortex. Moreover, gray matter decrease in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlpfc) and insular cortex were correlated with pedophilic sexual interest and sexual recidivism (within the pedophilic group), and gray matter reductions in the orbitofrontal cortex and angular gyri bilaterally were strongly associated with lower age of the victims. Results neuroimaging studies regarding paedophiles revealed decreased grey and white matter in brain regions implicated in sexual incitement, such as amygdala, hypothalamus and septal regions, as well as in the orbitofrontal cortex (ofc) and basal ganglia, linked to impulse inhibition and reward.
A sample of sex offenders found smaller left frontal lobe volume relative to normal controls (wright, nobrega, & langevin, 1990)
A functional neuroimaging (fmri) study of a homosexual pedophile showed activation in right orbitofrontal cortex when exposed to pictures of young males (dressing et al., 2001).
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